Everything about Amikacin totally explained
,
| PubChem = 441188
| DrugBank = APRD00550
| C = 22 | H = 43 | N = 5 | O = 13
| molecular_weight = 585.603 g/mol
| bioavailability =
| protein_bound = 0-11%
| metabolism =
| elimination_half-life = 2-3 hours
| excretion =
Renal
| pregnancy_AU = D
| pregnancy_US = C
| legal_UK = POM
| legal_US = Rx-only
| routes_of_administration =
Intramuscular,
intravenous
}}
Amikacin is an
aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat different types of
bacterial infections. Amikacin works by binding to the bacterial
30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of
mRNA and leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize
proteins vital to its growth.
Brands
MEDMIK(NEOMED),
AMCIN(CADILA),
IVIMICIN,(FDC),
AMIQUA(QUADRA),
MIKACINAvailable in INDIA.
Administration
Amikacin may be administered once or twice a day but must be given by the
intravenous or
intramuscular route, which tends to be painful. There is no oral form available. Dosage must be adjusted in people with
kidney failure.
Uses
Amikacin is most often used for treating severe, hospital-acquired infections with
multidrug resistant Gram negative bacteria such as
Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
Acinetobacter, and
Enterobacter.
Amikacin may be combined with a
beta-lactam antibiotic for
empiric therapy for people with
neutropenia and
fever.
Resistance
Amikacin has high resistance againt bacterial inactivation. It resists attacks by most bacterial inactivating enzymes, this is accomplished by the L-hydroxyaminobuteroyl amide (L-HABA) moiety attached to N-3 which inhibits acetylation, phosphorylation and adenylation in the distant amino sugar ring (C-2,C-3,C-4). Due to the fact that this is a very powerful anti-biotic. Its use is tightly regulated to prevent bacterial resistance developing.
Side effects
Side effects of amikacin are similar to other aminoglycosides.
Kidney damage and
hearing loss are the most important effects. Because of this potential, blood levels of the drug and markers of kidney function (
creatinine) may be monitored.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Amikacin'.
|
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